5g xn interface

5g xn interface. The Xn interface is a fundamental component of 5G cellular networks. The F1 interface in 5G represents the interface between the gNB (Next-Generation NodeB) and the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) in the 5G architecture. , gNB-DU). Xn-c is for the control plane, and Xn-u is for the user plane, linking different gNBs. E1 Interface: This interface allows interworking between the 5G Core Network and EPC (Evolved Packet Core), supporting migration strategies from 4G to 5G. 5G NR can operate in non-standalone mode (NSA), where the UE requires a legacy eNB with connection to the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) for control plane to support 5G NR communication. The gNB can. It carries control plane and user plane traffic, and it is responsible for functions such as mobility management, session management, and data transfer. 15, mobility in mobile networks is divided into RRC_IDLE mobility, Source gNB initiates the handover through Xn interface. OpenRAN is a project initiated by the Telecom Infra Project (TIP). Different name would mean and DU (Distributed Unit) as shown below and these two entities are connected by a new interface called F1 (For the details of F1 Intreface, refer to 38. [8] 3GPP TS 38. Mar, 2019 by Pankaj in 5G, Xn Interface, Xn-C, Xn-U. For user plane, traffic split is done at the gNB in option 4, while it is done at the 5GC in option 4a. The 5G gNB capabilities, procedures, and interfaces have dependencies on Aerial SDK PHY Layer. It is responsible for carrying user data and control information between the UE and the gNB. 1600147CM. 401 [17]) or the 5GC (5G Core network, specified in 3GPP TS 23. 5G NG Interface Protocol Architecture. setup, reset, removal, configuration update) -connected mode mobility management (handover procedures, sequence number status transfer, UE See more The Xn interface, which is based on the X2 function, has enhanced UE context management for new QoS flow framework and network overview of the 5GS. 3 Idle and Inactive in 5G Exercise: 5G Xn Handover Final Assessment. It encompasses both control The present document describes the overall architecture of the NG-RAN, including interfaces NG, Xn and F1 interfaces and their interaction with the radio interface. 5G Core Architecture Part 1 Live Session 1st Feb 2022 - 5G Mobile Communications (2022) 5G Core Architecture Part 2/3 Live Session 7th April 2021 - 5G Mobile It does required active Xn interface between Source and Target gNB. Achieving Discover how the NG-RAN architecture is, and isnt, ready for the challenges introduced by 5G 5G Radio Access Network Architecture: The Dark Side of 5G explores foundational and advanced topics in Radio Access Network (RAN) architecture and why a re-thinking of that architecture is necessary to support new 5G requirements. 3. 🚀 Discover how it facilitates gNodeB communication and enables seamless connectivity. The transport network layer is built on IP transport and GTP-U is used on top of UDP/IP to carry the user plane PDUs. The core of mobility management in 5G NR is very similar to the one in 4G LTE. Core Network (5GC) Protocols: 5G NR Interfaces X2/Xn, S1/NG, F1 and E1 Functions - Techplayon. Typically NR-DC is deployed between FR1-FR2 considering two bands configuration, UE support is required before the network 5G/4G/LTEを担当する知財担当者の皆さまに向けて、5G/4G/LTE が用いられ、 5G の場合には XnAP (Xn Application Protocol) が用いられます。 X2AP および XnAP は、基地局間で様々な制御情報を送受信するためのプロトコルです。 the Xn interfaces, and connected to the 5G core through the NG interfaces. gNB has an infinite buffer. 0 Release 15) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION . The following figure depicts the call flow of the Xn-based inter NG-RAN handover without the UPF reallocation. Here are some key interfaces in a 5G network: 1. Facilitates functions such as handovers and inter-cell control in 5G-AN [11]. The NG Interface is a new interface 5G; NG-RAN; Xn Application Protocol (XnAP) (3GPP TS 38. The technical details of 5G interfaces within the 3GPP specifications involve various components and interfaces. The overall architecture of the NG-RAN, including the NG, Xn and F1 interfaces and their interaction with the radio interface, are also described. NG Interface between 5G Core <---> g-NB related Control plane and user plane IPs must be defined. O-RAN can refer to the O-RAN RAN and Key technologies in 5G NR Zhixi Wang Huawei Technology September,2018 . The SgNB connects to the CU of the P-gNB through an interface called Xn Xn Interface: The Xn interface is the interface between gNBs in the NG-RAN. The Xn-C interface supports the following functions: – Xn The goal of the OAI-5G Core Network (CN) project group is to provide a 3GPP-Compliant 5G Standalone (SA) CN implementation with a rich feature set. Mobility and Handover: Idle State: The UE can be in idle mode, connected to the 4G network. Xn Interface: The Xn interface connects different gNBs (Next Generation Base Stations) within the NG-RAN. 300 5G NR network interfaces. The SMF supports interworking with EPS by using the N26 interface (which is an inter-CN interface between the MME and the 5GS AMF) to enable interworking between the Evolved The present document specifies the radio network layer signalling procedures of the control plane between NG-RAN nodes in NG-RAN. 821 Solutions for NR to support Non-Terrestrial Networks ()のMobility章を読む上で、Handoverの種類をそもそも理解していないと厳しそうだったので調べたメモです。（EPSフォールバックとか、Inter-RAT(LTE⇔5G)ハンドオーバーには触れていません）大きく4つのHandoverがある Master Node and Secondary Node: 4G eNodeB provides control plane connectivity towards the Core Network and acts as the Master Node (MN). 5G/4G/LTEを担当する知財担当者の皆さまに向けて、5G/4G/LTEの基本技術を説明します。第1回のこの記事では、移動体通信 The present document specifies the radio network layer signalling procedures of the control plane between NG-RAN nodes in NG-RAN. This 5G architecture offers great flexibility for managing heterogeneous devices and applications. The X2 interface is a crucial element for ensuring seamless handovers, efficient load balancing, and interference They're connected between each other with an Xn interface and forming essentially the access network and the gNBs are connected to the 5G core network which goes up on this slide. This article offers a concise survey of the 5G NR system design that aims at introducing its features according to the relevant Third Generation Partnership The 5G User Plane Function (UPF) is a fundamental component of the 3GPP’s New Radio (NR) mobile core infrastructure system architecture. Describe the frame structure with numerology of the 5G NR air interface List downlink and uplink signals and channels and describe their function Identify key steps of network acquisition, random access, and connection setup 7. , gNB-CU) and one or more distributed units (i. These interfaces play a crucial role in ensuring the seamless functioning of the 5G architecture. interface interface_name —Specify the interface name on which PCAP is captured. 5. Xn Interface Protocol: The Xn interface connects different gNodeBs within the same RAN. The 5G-NR physical layer is mainly The Xn interface is a crucial component in 5G networks, facilitating communication and data transfer between gNodeBs (Next Generation Node B). The Xn-C interface interconnects gNB-CUs of different gNBs. NG-RAN (Next-Generation Radio Access Network) Interfaces: * N1: Interface between UE (User Equipment) and gNB (gNodeB) * N2: Interface between gNBs * N3: Interface between gNB This site is for everything on 5G/NR. The gNB can Mar, 2019 by Pankaj in 5G, NG Interface, NG-C, NG-U The NG user plane interface (NG-U) is defined between the NG-RAN node and the UPF. According to TS38. 6 Xn/NG interface-based. 2 Xn Setup Brief about Xn interface in 5G NR Article contributed by Anushree P S. With a 6. The network has been designed from ground up to support enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC), as well as Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC) Interface can be understood as the way of information transmission between each network node. This interface is crucial for enabling communication and coordination between these two network elements. It supports functions like handover and load balancing. NRf Interface: The interface between the gNB and the 5G core network. NG and Xn interfaces are similar to their E-UTRAN counterparts S1 and X2 and are fully described in [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. In standalone mode (SA), the 5G network can operate independently of the 4G core network. Here are some key interfaces in a 5G network: N1 Interface (Radio Interface): The N1 interface, also 【English version】3GPP 5G Standalone Handover Call flow_Rev4. NG Interface (TS 38. 2 References A Look into 5G Virtual/Open RAN intra-gNB-DU handover and inter-gNB-DU handover scenarios. Tools: ARFCN - Frequency Conversion for 5G NR/LTE/UMTS/GSM. 刪除（僅適用於 Xn） Xn Interface & X2 Interface. (X2, S1) and 5G Handover (XN, N2) are subtle, and the main difference is that the X2 handover. The handover completion is carried out by the target BS and the core Ad as shown in the figure, the gNB has other entities and interfaces such as ch Xn interface, NG-C/U, and in the infrastructure called (NGC) no longer (EPC) we observe the AMF/UPF duality that resembles the MME/S-GW on LTE. 1 General. It provides a distributed cloud, SDN (Software Defined Networking) & NFV (Network functions virtualization). 2 Xn Setup The NG-RAN consists of a set of gNBs connected to the 5GC (5G core network) via the NG interface. 7. All reactions: 5. . Therefore, the Xn interface is a. 423) and is made generic so it can be further enhanced for other types of conditional reconfiguration(s). ETSI 3GPP TS 23. The 5G-NR physical layer is mainly connected by implementing antennas, which improves transmission capacity. This can be done using Xn interface signaling between the 4G eNB and the 5G gNB. 5G 的 Xn Interface 非常依賴於與之等效的 4G Interface 即 X2 Interface. Xn Inteface : Interface between Source GNB CU and Target GNB CU. At the RRC protocol layer there will be the measurement setups and measurement reports as in the intra-gNB handover cases. Agenda •NR Overall Architecture and Network Interfaces •Physical Layer Xn interface U s e r P la n e P D U s G T P - U U D P IP D a ta L in k L a y e r P h y s ic a l L a y e r X n - A P S C T P IP 5G-NextGen Core (5GC) refers to the new 5G core network architecture developed by 3GPP. The process is similar to inter-gNB handover but does not involve the Xn interface. Addition Note: NR-DC can also be used when a UE is connected to two gNB-DUs, one serving the MCG and the other serving the SCG, connected to the same gNB-CU 5G NR Interfaces X2/Xn, S1/NG, F1 and E1 Functions In LTE networks, X2 and S1 interface are defined as an interfaces between RAN nodes and between RAN and Core Network. 300: "NR; Overall description; Stage-2". critical interface in 5GS that needs appropriate security. 13_20231224. Assumptions: Xn setup is established between the two GNB. If source and target gNBs lack the Xn interface, then handover is coordinated via the AMF. interconnects gNB-CUs of different gNBs. gNB & ng-eNB. 5G, several key interfaces facilitate communication between different network components. When a mobile moves from one cell to another in connected mode, it's handover that allows the mobile to stay connected. 0 (2020-07) 1 Scope The present document is an introduction to the 3GPP TS 38. 420 version 16. 2 Xn interface general principles The general principles for the specification of the Xn interface are as follows: - the Xn interface is open; - the Xn interface supports the exchange of signalling information between two NG-RAN nodes, and Xn Interface: This interface facilitates communication and coordination between different gNBs, allowing for mobility and handover between cells. Xn Interface Handover There may be multiple NG-U logical interfaces towards the 5GC from any one NG-RAN node. NG-RAN Interface (Next Generation Radio Access Network): a. 2 References Xn Interface: The Xn interface connects different gNodeBs (5G base stations) within the 5G RAN. LTE and NR Cell Configuration: The 5G EN-DC deployment involves configuring both LTE (eNB) and 5G (gNB) cells in the network. The distinguished engineer and editor Sasha Xn Interface between gNB <---> gNB related IPs need to be defined. Like. It facilitates handovers and inter-cell mobility management. 42x series of Technical Specifications that define the The present document describes the overall architecture of the NG-RAN, including interfaces NG, Xn and F1 interfaces and their interaction with the radio interface. 5GC (5G Core) Network architecture The technical details of 5G NR (New Radio) handover. Protocols: Xn interfaces use NGAP for control plane signaling X2/Xn Interface Function: The X2 interface is used for communication between neighboring base stations (eNBs) within the same Radio Access Network (RAN). AI-native air interface is anticipated to be a key feature The X2 interface is an important interface used in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G networks to enable communication and coordination between neighboring base stations, also known as eNodeBs in LTE or gNodeBs in 5G. In both cases, a Xn interface over SRI is required to tightly coordinate the master and secondary gNBs; when functional split is involved, it shall be mentioned that, as represented in Fig. 6 XN-U Address Indication 3GPP TS 38. Path Switch to 5G NR: The decision for handover is made, and the control plane signaling for the handover is initiated in the LTE core network. N2 uses SCTP (NGAP) between 5GCN and access network. Function: Interface between gNBs. $499 3 months access. By Pankaj Mar 1, 2019 5G, Xn Interface, Xn-C, Xn-U. 5G. Let's delve into the technical details of the x2 interface in 5G: 1. That is, ETSI 3GPP TS 38. This page describes 5G network reference point architecture. Start your 5G journey and obtain 5G certification. The same have been depicted in the following figure-3 and figure-4. 47x series of technical specifications that define the F1 SEPP (Security Edge Protection Proxy) is part of the roaming security architecture as shown in the figure above. 0 Release 15 1 ETSI TS X2/Xn Interface. The UPF represents the data plane evolution of a Control and User Plane Separation (CUPS) strategy, first introduced as an extension to existing 4G/LTE Evolved Packet Cores (EPCs) by the 3GPP in their Release 14 The Xn handover call flow is a crucial process in 5G networks, enabling seamless transition of a user’s ongoing communication session from one cell to another. Previous Post What is 5g xn interface Next Post What is 5g wireless technology questions and answers Recommended For You. 6 XN-U Address Indication The 5G Xn interface protocol architecture plays a crucial role in ensuring seamless communication between base stations in a 5G network. To facilitate the exchange of such information for AI-enabled RAN intelligence among gNBs, new signaling procedures are being introduced for the Xn interface. The goal of the two-year 5G Challenge was to accelerate the adoption of 5G open interfaces, interoperable subsystems, secure networks, and multi-vendor solutions, (each set of four unique vendors) successfully demonstrated handover on both the Xn and NG interfaces and passed all the mandatory and conditional mandatory tests. Refer 5G NR The present document specifies the radio network layer signalling procedures of the control plane between NG-RAN nodes in NG-RAN. Joern Krause. 1109/MCOM. signaling transmitted Xn Interface: 2. The present document describes how the XnAP signalling messages are transported over Xn. This book describes the architecture of the NG radio access network and the 5G-NR radio interface according to the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) specifications. 6. Here’s a detailed technical explanation: Xn Handover Call Flow in 5G 1. A new Xn interface inter-connects gNBs that are These interfaces are associated with the control plane (N1 and N2) and user plane (N3) communications between the gNB and the AMF, SMF, and User Plane Function (UPF). This training provides an in-depth understanding of the 5G New Radio (NR) air interface, covering its key features, protocols, and implementation strategies. Below is an overview of some key 5G interfaces defined by 3GPP: 1. 5G Architecture Overview The 5G architecture is designed to be more flexible, scalable, and efficient compared to previous generations. Functions: Control Plane (Xn Xn Interface: This interface connects gNodeBs in an inter-gNodeB configuration, enabling functions like handovers and load balancing. 4. Today not all vendors do support that option. Purchase - S-NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID: A S-NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID shall be allocated so as to uniquely identify the UE over the Xn interface within an S-NG-RAN node for dual connectivity. The XnAP protocol conve ys the. 5G Xn Interface Protocol Architecture Posted on 01. 0 (2020-11) Reference RTS/TSGR-0338401vg30 Keywords 5G ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles The Xn interface is also broken into control and user subtypes — Xn-c and Xn-u. (SgNB) in addition to the primary gNB. Xn Interface (gNB to gNB The UE sends specific traffic like this through the 5G gNB. Unlock the potential of next-generation mobile networks with our "5G NR Air Interface" course. 5G builds on LTE and adds support for multiple sub-carrier spacings (15 KHz, 30 KHz, 60 KHz, 120 KHz,). N2 interface connecting gNB to AMF is used. The Xn interface connects two gNBs in the 5G RAN. In our work, we focus on the 5G Xn 5G is also known by Release 15 of 3GPP. Xn Interface. 2. Active State: When specific requirements arise, the 4G eNB decides to move the UE's data sessions to the 5G gNB. 401 describes 5G NR user plane and control plane as well as 5G NR RAN architecture with various interfaces (NG, Xn and F1) and their interaction with the radio interface (Uu). Xn Interface Location: Between NG-RAN nodes (gNB to gNB, gNB to ng-eNB, and ng-eNB to ng-eNB). This 5G network architecture mentions various reference points or interfaces (NG1, NG2, NG3, NG4, NG5, NG6, NG7, NG8, NG9, NG10, NG11, NG12, NG13, NG14, NG15) used between functional blocks of 3GPP TS 38. newly designed. Moreover, the CU can be decoupled into CU-control plane (CU-CP) and CU-user plane (CU-UP) that facilitates the processing of the control and user planes on different locations. 0 Release 16 6 ETSI TS 138 420 V16. These interfaces play a crucial role in ensuring the seamless operation of the network and enabling the delivery of various services. Following is SCTP initial setup process captured with Wireshark from Amarisoft Callbox. When testing 5G network deployment and in-service, we need to consider our This page on 5G NR network interfaces describes various 5G interfaces used in 5G architecture. These layers primarily include NR MAC, NR Scheduler and NR RLC layers. The 5G standard has defined several interfaces to facilitate communication between different network elements. They transfer control and user plane information between next generation NodeBs (gNBs), between ng-eNBs (4G nodes As we enter a new era of next-generation wireless systems represented by Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) technology, it is essential to grasp the recent progress in their standardization and development. : +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 8. It's an attempt to realize the Open RAN concept. The 5G RAN interfaces are The present document specifies the radio network layer signalling procedures of the control plane between NG-RAN nodes in NG-RAN. LTE Overview LTE is a standard for Interface can be understood as the way of information transmission between each network node. 501 [18]). The Xn interface is a logical interface between two nodes of the NG-RAN. gNB Interfaces As outlined in the O-RAN gNB Overview the 5G NR gNB introduces a flexible architecture. Xn interface enables communication between gNBs, allowing them to exchange information related to user equipment (UE) mobility and radio resource management. Purpose of the F1 This enables 5G networks to support UE that use the 4G air interface. Figure 1. 2 Xn interface general principles The general principles for the specification of the The Xn interface is a part of the 3GPP 5G NR specifications, defining the interface between two next-generation NodeB (gNB) base stations. N1 Interface (Radio Interface): This interface connects the User Equipment (UE), such as smartphones or other devices, to the gNB (Next-Generation NodeB) in the radio access network. The RAN consists of base stations (like gNB - 5G New Radio NodeB) that communicate wirelessly with the UE, providing the connection to the core network. Rather than being something new, it should be seen as an evolution of LTE technology. Role: Supports inter-gNB handovers and coordination. In the 5G-SA model, the mobile is attached to the 5G 5GC. g, Wireshark capture) over the interface, you would get the packet structure as below. Purchase The master gNB is connected to the 5GC via the NG interface and to the secondary gnb via the Xn interface. Each NF exposes specific functionality and provides services to other NFs. It supports The interface allowing to interconnect NG-RAN nodes with each other is referred to as the Xn interface. 7 Interface Management Procedures Specification has been made Under Change Control. X2 被更新到包括如下功能. If the handover management is achieved via the Xn interface between serving and target BSs but without the involvement of network function, then it is called Xn-based. The NG interface is to connect NG-RAN toward 5GC (5G Core network). Splitting the gNB and introducing multiple new interfaces. GL’s Message Automation & Protocol Simulation (MAPS™) is designed for testing 5G–N1N2 interfaces , offering emulation capabilities for gNodeB (gNB) and Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) in compliance with 3GPP standards (Release 17). Preparation Phase Context Establishment: Neighboring gNBs (next-generation NodeBs) exchange information about the radio The interface allowing to interconnect NG-RAN nodes with each other is referred to as the Xn interface. 2 Xn interface general principles The general principles for the specification of the Xn interface are as follows: NG-RAN nodes are connected to the 5G Core Network (5GC) with the NG interface and to one another with the Xn interface. The 5G-NR physical layer In 5G NR, any connectivity between 2 eNodeBs as well as between en-gNodeB and eNodeB is still called the X2 interface. It facilitates communication and cooperation between adjacent or neighboring base stations, specifically between gNBs (gNodeBs). The present document specifies the standards for signalling transport to be used across Xn interface. 460) N: Front Describe the frame structure with numerology of the 5G NR air interface List downlink and uplink signals and channels and describe their function Identify key steps of network acquisition, random access, and connection setup 7. 5G Xn Interface Protocol Architecture. X2AP, F1, S1AP, Xn, NGc) and There are various interfaces used in 5G. Now it is time to look at inter-gNB-CU handover that uses the Xn interface. Refer 5G NR network interfaces which include Xn interface, NG interface, E1 interface, F1 interface and F2 interface. This includes Xn interface, NG interface, E1 interface, F1 interface and F2. 0 Release 16 6 ETSI TS 138 470 V16. Unlocking the Global 5G Market: Taiwan Hosts First 5G-ACIA General Assembly 5G Xn Interface Protocol Architecture Posted on 01. The selection of the NG-U interface is done within the 5GC and signalled to the NG-RAN node by the AMF. We server that Location The 5G network protocols refer to the set of rules and conventions that define how data is transmitted, received, and processed within a 5G network. When an M-NG-RAN node receives a S-NG-RAN node UE XnAP ID it shall store it for the duration of the UE-associated logical Xn-connection for this UE. Mar, 2019 by Pankaj in 5G, NG Interface, NG-C, NG-U. It enables inter-gNB communication, allowing coordination of radio resources, handovers, and other functions. The technical details of LTE (Long-Term Evolution) performance. Ready to elevate your network knowledge? In the context of 5G (fifth-generation) mobile networks, an SgNB Secondary gNB (Secondary gNB for Short-Glitch Next Generation Node B) refers to a type of base station that provides additional coverage and capacity in a given area. NG-u handles user plane data, while NG-c deals with the control plane. ; Its critical role includes enabling advanced features such as handovers, mobility management, load The Xn Interface is a new interface introduced in 5G that enables communication between two adjacent gNBs (Next-Generation NodeB) in the 5G network. It supports functions like handovers, radio resource management, and The Xn User plane (Xn-U) interface is defined between two NG-RAN nodes. 401 version 16. A logical interface that interconnects RAN nodes. A new Xn interface inter-connects gNBs that are Handover is an essential feature/procedure in 5G (and earlier cellular systems). e. 420, the Xn interface describes the interface between 2 gNodeBs in an Xn interface for option 4 and 4a. The 5G-NR radio interface is the interface between the UE mobile (User describes the protocol architecture on the Xn interface, the NG interface and the F1 interface, as well as the procedures for managing the interfaces of the NG-RAN network. : +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C 3GPP TS 38. The 5G network involves various interfaces that facilitate communication and data exchange between different network elements. XnAP is developed in accordance to the general principles stated in TS 38. Functions: Control Plane (Xn 5GC via the NG interface and to other gNBs through the Xn interface. 5G/NR - RAN Architecture MME/S-GW in LTE is replaced by AMF/UPF in NR and X2/S1 in LTE are replaced by Xn/NG-C/U in NR. The NG-RAN for SA architecture connects to the 5GC network using the NG interface. 501 version 15. Some vendors use a proprietary back-2-back link between the two radio nodes. 5G is expect to operate in two. AI/ML for 5G Air Interface. The New Radio gNB is connected to the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) and the User Plane Function (UPF) in the 5G Core Network (5GC). Xn Interface: The Xn interface connects two gNBs, enabling inter-gNB communication. The transport network layer is built on IP transport and GTP-U is used on top of UDP/IP to carry the user plane PDUs between the NG-RAN node and the UPF. These interfaces are crucial for ensuring seamless connectivity and efficient data transfer. 5G deployment options are being defined in 3GPP using either the existing EPC (Evolved Packet Core, specified in 3GPP TS 23. UPF (User Plane Function): User Plane Function has 5G_N4 > interface for wired connectivity to SMF, 5G_N3 In current 5G wireless networks, the user equipment (UE) handover from a source 5G base station (BS) to a target BS adopts the Xn interface, termed the Xn-based handover. It has a 5G_XN interface for wired connectivity between the > gNB’s though L2_Switch. The The interfaces, such as the Gx, Gy, or Gz, which are used for a 4G session creation are replaced with the corresponding 5G core SBI interfaces, such as the Npcf and Nchf. QuickReference - 5G/NR Pre 5G Chronicles; What has been done/talked before the realization of 5G ? Time Table/Milestones; 4G to 5G Core - N26 Interface; Core - N12,N13 - AMF,AUSF,UDM - Authentication; Core - N8 Interface - Registration; Core - NGAP - N2 Interface; Core - SCTP; Core - GTP - N6 Interface; Security Analysis of Critical 5G Interfaces Mohammed Mahyoub 1, AbdulAziz AbdulGha ar , Emmanuel Alalade 1, Ezekiel Ndubisi 1, and Ashraf Matrawy 1 N3 Interface N2 Interface F1 Interface Xn Interface N1 Interface SectionIII:Related Work on 5G Security A 4. • Control Plane Functions are as follows: -interface management and error handling (e. The purpose of this section is to ensure that the Aerial SDK provides support for gNB capabilities, procedures, and interfaces. • Location: Xn interface lies between NG-RAN Nodes viz. This section of our knowledge base aims to go through these This enables 5G networks to support UE that use the 4G air interface. Here's a more detailed technical breakdown: 1. Compared to a 4G eNB, a 5G gNB can be separated into a Centralized Unit (CU) NG-u and NG-c: These are part of the 5G architecture, connecting the gNodeB (gNB) to the 5G Core Network. Xn-c and Xn-u: Similar to X2, but these interfaces are specific to 5G NR (New Radio). Intra-RAT mobility like Xn handover and inter-RAT mobility like 4G to 5G and 5G to 4G handover are supported for this use case. The gNBs and ng-eNBs are interconnected with each other by means of the The overall architecture of the NG-RAN, including the NG, Xn and F1 interfaces and their interaction with the radio interface, are also described. gNB) connects each other via the Xn interface [16]. NR user plane protocol functions may reside in nodes terminating either the X2-U (for EN-DC) or the Xn-U or the F1-U interface. 11, the Xn interface coordinates the CUs, and not the DUs. If you take packet capture (e. In the 5G-SA model, the mobile is attached to the 5G 5G ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel. 2 Xn interface general principles The general principles for the specification of The overall architecture of the NG-RAN, including the NG, Xn and F1 interfaces and their interaction with the radio interface, are also described. As inputs, OpenRAN uses 3GPP and O-RAN specifications. Help improve contributions. The use of AI in these use cases is supported by signaling enhancements on NR interfaces such as the UE to gNB radio interface and the inter-gNB Xn interface. These functions allow for managing of signalling associations between NG-RAN nodes, surveying the Xn interface and recovering from errors. Comment. Authors: 5G, several key interfaces facilitate communication between different network components. 5G attempts to address many new use cases not possible in LTE-V2X (PC5) is a proxy standard that represents the subset of the 3GPP Release 14 specification that defines Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technology which uses device-to-device communication (PC5) at 5. 5G; System Architecture for the 5G System (3GPP TS 23. N1 and N2 Interfaces: N1 is used for signaling between the UE and the AMF, while N2 is used for signaling between the gNB and the AMF. XnAP supports the functions of the Xn interface by signalling procedures defined in this document. S1 and S5/S8 Interfaces: • Evolved eNB and gNB connect via Xn interface • 5G driven by capacity needs, rather than just coverage • New 5G applications and services creation possible Difference between Option 7 / 7A / 7X • In option 7, there is no interface between gNB and 5GC. The Xn interface is used for inter-gNB communication and is responsible for functions such as handover, load balancing, and traffic steering. All the information follows v ia Xn interface that should b e . The Xn interface allows active mobility NG Logical interface between the 5GC and gNB Xn (Logical) Interfaces internal to the RAN ("Xn" specifically refers to one connected between two gNB nodes) 6 Reference transport network architecture for support of 5G mobile networks . The secondary gNB might also be connected to the 5GC via the NG-U interface. In option 4a, This call flow describes a simplified version of the Xn handover process in 5G. In option 4a, the 5GC can transmit/receive user traffic to/from both the gNB and ng-eNB. For example, X2 interface between 4G base station and 5G base station, S1 interface between 4G base station and 4G core network, XN interface between 5G base station and 5G base station, NG interface between 5G base station and 5G core network, and so on. Its advanced design enables high-speed data transmission and low latency, setting the foundation for future innovations in connectivity. 0 Release 16 1 ETSI TS 138 401 V16. 423 version 15. Its work covers 2G/3G/4G/5G. Figure 14. The Xn interface provides means for interconnecting two NG-RAN nodes. Xn Interface: Within the 5G architecture, the Xn interface refers to the interface between two gNBs (5G base stations) within the 5G RAN. Overview. It plays a crucial role in functions such as handovers between gNBs. Information flows via Xn • In option 7A, there is no Xn interface and gNB is SectionIV:Security Analysis of Critical 5G Interfaces N6 Interface N32 Interface N9 Interface SBI Interface N4 Interface N3 Interface N2 Interface F1 Interface Xn Interface N1 Interface SectionIII:Related Work on 5G Security A Summary of Threats to 5G A Summary of 5G Security Recommendations Notable Surveys on 5G Security The Xn-C interface. However, the UE must still implement the 5G protocols to interact with the 5G core network. 2 NG interface general principles The general principles for the specification of the NG interface are as follows: - the NG interface is open; In this article a basic architecture of 5g gNodeb will be defined and it will give a quick jump start to a reader to The same for F1 interface. The decision for handover is made, and the control plane signaling for the handover is initiated in the LTE core network. E-UTRA-NR 雙連接功能。 該功能允許 eNB 請求另一個 en-gNB 為某個 UE 提供無線電資源，同時保持對該 UE 的響應; 二級 RAT 數據使用報告 Find the most up-to-date version of TS 138 422 at GlobalSpec. transport and application), in addition to protection of the communication between core Huawei support community is a communication center for sharing experiences and knowledge, solving questions and problems for enterprise partners, customers and engineers. measures against attacks. One gNB-DU is connected to only one gNB-CU via F1 interface. 5G is expect to operate in two modes as non -standalone and standalone mode of operation. In 5G NR, handover is a (TS 38. 2 shares. 425: "NG-RAN; Xn interface user plane protocol". 401 [2] and TS 38. In option 4a, The interfaces, such as the Gx, Gy, or Gz, which are used for a 4G session creation are replaced with the corresponding 5G core SBI interfaces, such as the Npcf and Nchf. For example, conditional PSCell change in case of dual-connectivity is also supported in Rel-16, Xn interface in 5G networks. A study targeting new use cases will start in Release 19. g. Primary responsible group: RAN 3: Secondary responsible groups: This site is for everything on 5G/NR. The Xn interface plays a crucial role in facilitating communication between gNBs during the handover procedure, ensuring a smooth transition of the UE's connection from the source to the target cell. Base Station Naming – 1G to 5G; 5G SA Xn Handover Call flow; 5G SA N2-NGAP Handover Call flow; Tags: 5G Architecture 5G Core 5G Handover 5G Mobility 5G RAN N14 Handover N2 Handover N26 Handover Xn Handover. This interface facilitates various The Fifth Generation (5G) wireless system, whose air interface is known as ‘‘New Radio’’ (NR) [1], represents the most promising next-generation solution to meet the needs of the the NR air interface or forward indirectly a part of the traffic through the ng-eNB via Xn interface. Evolver offers full N1 and N2 interface support, allowing individual, customised testing – at scale – for your 5G service assurance and node validation. この記事は、TR38. 0 (2018-07) Reference DTS/TSGR-0338423vf00 Keywords This clause captures the F1 interface principles and characteristics. It facilitates functions such as handovers, coordinated scheduling, and inter-cell interference coordination. In fact, the term Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) is commonly used and it covers both 5G NR and LTE/E-UTRA radio access. Xn Interface: Connects different gNBs within the same RAN. Open RAN is a generic term that refers to open RAN architectures including open interfaces, virtualization, and use of AI. The gNBs are interconnected through the Xn interface. The SMF supports interworking with EPS using the N26 interface (which is an inter-CN interface between the MME and the 5GS AMF) to enable interworking between the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and the The Master Node is connected to 5GC while the Secondary Node is connected to Master Node via the Xn interface. This release includes a brand new core network and radio interface, called 5G New Radio (5G-NR). It facilitates communication and coordination between gNBs for handovers and dual connectivity. The gNBs and ng-eNBs are interconnected with each other by means of the Xn interface. It means ng-eNodeB is capable of supporting 5G core network signalling procedures and is also capable of transferring application data to and from a User Plane Function (UPF) References Footnote 5 In addition, the CU might be connected to a single or multiple DUs by F1 interface, while the CUs communicate via Xn interface. Explore the power and intricacies of the Xn Interface in 5G Networks. Full abstract in IEEE Xplore, DOI: 10. 2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. (a),(b),(c),(d) is the initial setup of SCTP which is explained in this note, the procedure (1)~(13) is the procedure that will be described in this note. That means the Xn-interface between the collocated nodes should be routed via the CSG. Posted on 01. 470 version 16. 3GPP has agreed to keep the AI model implementation specific to ensure competition, vendor incentives, and innovation. 470) N: E1 interface (TS 38. here , Xn-C is connecting the CU-C to the other The NG (Next Generation) interface in the context of 5G refers to the interface between the Next Generation Core (NGC) and the Radio Access Network Xn Interface: While not strictly part of the NG interface, the Xn interface facilitates communication between different gNodeBs in the RAN. X2/Xn interface. In this article, The x2 interface in 5G refers to the interface between two neighboring base stations (eNBs, or evolved NodeB) in the 5G network. 0. 5GC (5G Core) Network architecture offers many functions including network slicing to serve different customer requirements. The gNB handles the handover internally Master the Essentials of 5G NR Air Interface Technology . pdf - Download as a PDF or view online for free The inter-gNB-DU handover/intra-gNB-CU handover call flow involves messaging over the F1 and E1 interfaces, while the inter-gNB Xn handover call flow involves messaging over the Xn and N2 interfaces. The Xn User plane (Xn-U) interface is defined between two NG-RAN nodes. 0 (2020-07) 1 Scope The present document is an introduction to the TSG RAN TS 38. This interface is essential for supporting various functionalities, including handovers and coordination between adjacent cells. B. 9 GHz without requiring the presence of a base station. In the 5G network architecture, various interfaces and functions facilitate The Xn interface is a fundamental component of 5G cellular networks, designed to facilitate communication and cooperation between adjacent or neighboring base stations Interface between RAN Nodes (X2/Xn) The X2 interface used between eNBs in LTE is reused between RAN nodes in non-standalone operation between eNB and en‒gNB The interface allowing to interconnect NG-RAN nodes with each other is referred to as the Xn interface. Ericsson's article, "An overview of the 3GPP 5G security standard" describes the use of SEPP as follows: The use of SBA has also pushed for protection at higher protocol layers (i. It includes Xn interface, NG interface, E1 interface, F1 interface and F2 interface used in 5G NR (New Radio) network architecture. In the foreseeable future, 5G networks will be deployed rapidly around the world, S1-U interface for user plane data can either be terminated at the eNB, in which case user-plane data would need to be forwarded over the Xn interface, or at the gNB, in 105 which case the eNB would only handle control-plane traffic. 5G gNodeB has control plane connectivity across the X2 interface and acts as This feedback information encompasses UE performance metrics and energy efficiency measurements. Cyclic prefix and sub-frame duration is also scaled with the sub-carrier spacing. In LTE networks, X2 and S1 interface are defined as an interfaces between RAN nodes and between RAN and Core Network. Use the following sample configuration to configure alerts related to the 5G Xn HO Success procedure: alerts rules group Handover interval-seconds 300 rule XnHOSuccess O-DU implements the functional blocks of L2 layer of a 5G NR protocol stack in SA(StandAlone) mode. The gNBs and ng-eNBs are interconnected with each other via Xn New Radio (NR) is a new radio air interface developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project for the fifth generation (5G) mobile communications system. ETSI 3GPP TS 38. The data path (user plane) is switched from LTE to 5G NR, enabling the UE to communicate directly with the 5G NR gNB. Home Xn Interface. For the control plane NG-RAN is connected to the access and mobility management function (AMF) via NG-C interface and for the user plane NG-RAN is connected to the user plane function (UPF) via NG-U interface. 2 Xn Handover 7. The interface allowing to interconnect NG-RAN nodes with each other is referred to as the Xn interface. NGAP Packet Structure. NG Interface. NG, Xn, and F1 are logical interfaces. RAN function: a specific function in an E2 Node; examples include network interfaces (i. : +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la 8. SectionIV:Security Analysis of Critical 5G Interfaces N6 Interface N32 Interface N9 Interface SBI Interface N4 Interface N3 Interface N2 Interface F1 Interface Xn Interface N1 Interface SectionIII:Related Work on 5G Security A Summary of Threats to 5G A Summary of 5G Security Recommendations Notable Surveys on 5G Security 4. 5G NR Xn interface for option 4 and 4a. The detailed specifications and procedures may vary based on the The most complete and comprehensive 5G course, follow this link for more information. The NG user plane interface (NG-U) is defined between the NG-RAN node and the UPF. If the AMF, UPF and other units are involved, the control messages are sent via NG interface and the handover is kind of NG based or network based . 1. 2016. In option 4, the gNB can transmit user plane traffic from the 5GC toward the UE directly over the NR air interface or forward indirectly a part of the traffic through the ng-eNB via Xn interface. Function: The X2 interface is used for communication between neighboring base stations (eNBs) within the same Radio Access Network (RAN). 5G mobility management is dependent on a couple of complex protocols for managing handovers, based on the available network interfaces (such as Xn and N2). The expectation is that the Xn interface between the 4G eNB and the 5G gNB can utilize the standard transport interfaces. Originally introduced in Release 8 of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications, the X2 interface has evolved to support various advanced network For 5G NSA, specification defined the extension for S1 and X2 interfaces, whereas new interfaces are defined in 5G SA: NG: The NG interface connects gNBs and 5GC. The following clauses describe the functions supported in Xn interface. One critical aspect is the Functional Split (F1) interface, which facilitates communication between the Centralized Unit (CU) and Distributed Unit (DU) within the network architecture. The of the traffic from different PDU sessions by tunneling user data over the N3 interface (between a 5G access node and the UPF) in the core network. Protocol Stack: The gNodeB operates based on the 3GPP 5G NR standard and uses a protocol stack that includes various layers such as the PHY (Physical), MAC (Medium Access Control), RLC (Radio Link Control), PDCP Uniinfo brings you a course to understand 5G core Protocols and procedures , this contains series of Videos , in each video we have covered the details abou The overall architecture of the NG-RAN, including the NG, Xn and F1 interfaces and their interaction with the radio interface, are also described. The main entity of the NG-RAN is the gNB, where "g" stands for "5G" 5G New Radio (NR) is the global standard for a unified, more capable 5G wireless air interface. 2. 5G ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel. ng-eNodeB uses the 4G air interface and signalling protocols towards the end user device; ng-eNodeB connects to the 5G-Core Network using NG-C and NG-U interfaces. 5G-SA deals with the 5G Core network. With DC with two satellites, we considered regenerative payloads with and without functional 5G networks incorporate a range of interfaces that facilitate communication and data exchange between different network elements. 5G RAN interacts with 5GC (5G Core Network). The architecture of the transport network is often described in terms of metro access, metro 5G defines a new radio interface called 5G New Radio (NR). 420 [3]. 3 Deployment Flexibility and Architecture Options. 331) and in Xn interface specifications (TS 38. The handover preparation and execution are performed over tunnels between the source and the target BS. Xn Interface Handover: E2 nodes support E2 interface towards near RT-RIC and O1 interface towards non-RT RIC. N2 Interface (Xn Interface): The N2 interface connects gNBs in the 5G N2 interface supports control plane signalling between RAN and 5G core covering scenarios related to UE context management, PDU session/resource management procedures. The Xn interface is an evolution of X2, enabling communication between eNBs in different RANs (inter-RAN). 0 Release 15 1 ETSI TS 138 423 V15. Protocol Stack: The X2/Xn This book describes the architecture of the NG radio access network and the 5G-NR radio interface according to the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) specifications. What is lte performance. The 5G-NR physical layer The technical details of the 5G architecture and its interfaces. Refer 5G NR Reference: TS V5G. With great flexibility, scalability, and efficiency, 5G is expected to address a wide range of use cases including enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable low-latency communications, and ETSI 3GPP TS 38. The Xn control plane interface (Xn-C) is defined between two NG-RAN nodes. Refer 5G NR network interface types >> which describes functions and locations of various 5G NR interfaces between 5G RAN (Radio Access Network) and 5GC (Core network). NGAP is found on the N1N2 reference point between the gNB and the AMF in order to support UE and non IntroductionThe X2 interface is a crucial component in the architecture of modern cellular networks, enabling communication between Base Stations (BS) in LTE and 5G NR environments. 420) N: F1 interface (TS 38. 1 Overview: The Xn interface connects different gNBs within the Next-Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN). As specified by 3GPP Rel. contact us: [email protected] ABOUT US. UE : UE in handover from source GNB to target GNB. LTE-V2X was standardized by the 3GPP in 2016 under the umbrella of LTE Release 14 and Service-Based Interfaces: The 5G core network (5GC) is designed as an interconnected system of Network Functions (NFs) that communicate through service-based interfaces. Xn: In 5G networks, the Xn Testing 3GPP N1 and N2 interfaces is an essential task, as they enable the connection from the UE to the network and AMF. Target gNB provides a new RRC configuration and performs admission control. 1 F1 interface general principles The general principles for the specification of the F1 interface are as follows: - the F1 interface is open; - the F1 interface supports the exchange of signalling information between the endpoints, in addition the interface The 5G-NR radio interface was introduced in Release 15 of the 3GPP standards. Here are the main 5G network interfaces: 1. This CLI allows the configuration of multiple interface names in a single CLI command. It depicts the air interface landscape that is envisioned for 5G, and also explains key functional design considerations for the 5G RAN, highlighting the difference to legacy systems such as LTE-A and the implications of the overall RAN design. These interfaces follow the RESTful paradigm, emphasizing simplicity and flexibility. 410) Y: Xn interface (TS 38. Service Based Architecture in 5G | Webinar (Jun 2020) Open Session -5G Core Protocol and Procedures |5G Call Flow |5G Network |5G Core | SBA| Cloud Native (JUl 2021) YouTube. Overview: . 2 Functions of Xn-C 5. The gNB consists of a central unit (i. 5G NR Numerology | 5G NR Terminology • 5G NR PHY timing unit • 5G NR SLIV • 5G NR Mini Slot • 5G NR Bandwidth Part • 5G NR CORESET Introduction to the F1 Interface In 5G NetworksAs 5G networks continue to evolve, understanding the intricate protocols and procedures governing their operation is paramount. Overview of 5G NR Handover Handover in 5G NR is a critical process that ensures seamless connectivity as a user equipment (UE) moves from one cell to another. OAI 5G CN is designed and implemented in a flexible way which can be easily adapted to fulfill the needs of diversified 5G use-cases. The transport network layer is built on IP transport and GTP-U is used on top of UDP/IP to carry the user The "Xn" interface in 5G networks plays a crucial role in facilitating communication and interaction between different 5G nodes, specifically between the Next Xn Interface: Description: Links two gNBs for control and user plane coordination in the case of dual connectivity. also consist of a gNB-CU control-plane 2017 [1] The paper investigates the key features of the 5G NR air interface, It does required active Xn interface between Source and Target gNB. In summary, the interfaces in 5G NSA architecture play a crucial role in enabling communication UTRAN. It is essential for features like dual The Xn-based inter NG-RAN handover is used to hand over a UE from a source NG-RAN to target NG-RAN using Xn when the AMF is unchanged and the SMF decides to keep the existing UPF. It covers functions and locations of these 5G NR interfaces used between 5G RAN and 5GC. 5G smartphones interact with 5G-RAN over Uu radio interface. All the features of the OAI 5G CN components are continuously The OpenAirInterface (OAI) software is composed of the following parts: openairinterface5g ├── ci-scripts : Meta-scripts used by the OSA CI process. Path Switch to 5G NR. jfaw ioqfm zddns hlx xtbx frmr uxnazj sdfie smzgc hnun